高考英语备考:主谓一致讲解及强化训练-j9九游会网址
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[b]高考英语备考[/b]:主谓一致讲解及强化训练
在英语中,谓语动词要与句子主语一致。一般来讲,主语是复数,谓语动词则用非第三人称单数;主语是单数,谓语动词则用第三人称单数。如:
(1) all the carpets are made of pure wood.所有的毯子均用纯羊毛做的。
(2) is your companion waiting for you? 你的同事在等你吗?
1、有些名词作为主语,在形式上为单数,但谓语动词要用非第三人称单数。
如:the police are after the thief. 警察在追贼。
2.有些名词作为主语,在形式上为复数,但谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
如:maths is my favorite subject.数学是我最喜欢的课程。
3.有些名词作为主语,要先判断它们在句子中是单数还是复数,再决定谓语动词是用第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数。
如:(1) is your family a large one?你们家是个大家庭吗?(family 在本句中是单数)。
(2)my family get up early on weekdays. 在工作日我家的人起床很早. (family在本句中是复数)。
4. 如主语是单数,尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, but, like, except等引起的短语,谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。
如: nobody but xiao li and xiao wang was there.只有小李和小王在那里。
5.当一个句子有两个主语,而它们又是由either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also连接起来时,谓语通常与最近的主语一致。
如:not only you but also he has been to cairo.你和他都去过开罗。
6. 其它一些用法:neither of, either of及each of 连接的词组作主语时,句子的谓语动词应是第三人称单数形式,但前两个短语在口语中也可用非第三人称单数形式。
如:(1)either of us has learned the new textbook.我们两人都学过这种新教材。
(2)neither of you know(s) the answer.你们俩都不知道这个答案。
7.短语more than one 名词作主语,谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式,但也有非第三人称单数表达的。
如:more than one team enter(s) for the relay race.不只是一个队报名参加接力赛。
8.在百分数、分数等后面,如果跟可数名词,动词用非第三人称单数;如果跟不可数名词,动词用非第三人称单数形式。
如:55 percent of the students are girls in our school. 我校百分之五十五的学生是女生。
80 percent of the work has been done.百分之八十的工作已经做好。
词组one and a half后面虽是复数名词,谓语动词还是要用第三人称单数形式。
如:one and a half aspirins is left in the bottle.瓶里有一片半的阿斯匹林。
9.在四则运算中,主语是数词,谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
如:(1) two plus two is four二加二是四
(2) two times two is four二乘二是四
但是用and 连接,谓语动词常用非第三人称单数形式。
如:two and two are four二加二是四。
10.如果一个句子由there或here引起,而主语又不只有一个,那么谓语动词的数由第一个主语的单、复数形式决定:如果第一个主语是单数,那么谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式;如果第一个主语是复数,那么谓语动词则用非第三人称单数形式。
如:there is a supermarket and many other shops here.这儿有一个超级市场和一些别的商店。
11.none 作为主语,谓语动词既可以用单数形式也可以用复数形式。
如:none has/have seen the effect of such a sunset.没人见过这种日落的效果。
12. 在主语从句中,整个句子作主语,一般视 为单数形式,谓语动词也一般用第三人称单数形式。但有时由what引起的主语从句,谓语动词用第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数形式,随意思而定。
如:(1). what he said is correct. 他说的话是对的。
(2). what she left me are a few books. 他给我留下的只是几本书。
13.非谓语动词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
如:seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
14.表示时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱、距离等的名词作主语,尽管是复数形式,但它们一般作为整体看待,动词一般也要用第三人称单数形。
如:one hundred li was covered in a single night.
[b]高考英语备考:强化训练 [/b]
1.three______ died in the terrible fire in luo yang last winter.
a. hundreds people b. hundred people
c. hundreds peoples d. hundred peoples
解析:选b. hundred一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加-s。
2. either you or the president _______ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.
a. is handing out b. are to hand out
c. are handing out d. is to hand out
解析:选d. 当either …or 连接两个并列主语时,句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与后一个主语保持一致。“be 不定式”表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。
3. i, who ______ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.
a. am b. is c. are d. be
解析:选a. who 为引导定语从句的关系代词,其先行词是i ,所以谓语动词要用am。
4. the olympic games in the year 2008 _____ in beijing of china, which _____ known to us all.
a. is to hold; is b. is to be held; was
c. are to hold; is d. are to be held; is
解析:选d. 主语the olympic games 意为:奥运会,谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式;后半部分为which引导的非限制情定语从句,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
5. there _____ a lot of rubbish on the floor so i asked mary to sweep _____ up.
a. were; it b. are; them
c. was; it d. is; them
解析:选c. there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语,a lot of rubbish(不可数名词),因此后面谓语动词要用单数。
6. three million tons of coal ______ every year in the city.
a. is exploited b. are exploited
c. had exploited d. have exploited
解析:选a. 主语为coal, 是不可数名词。根据题意,此处要用被动语态。
7. stories of the long march _______ popular with the young people now.
a. is b. was c. are d. were
解析:选a. 主语stories of the long march 是书名,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
8. mathematics _______ the language of science.
a. are b. are going to be
c. is d. is to be
解析:选c. 此处mathematics 为学科名词,作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
9. both rice and wheat _____ grown in our country.
a. is b. are c. was d. were
解析:选b. both----and---连接两个并列主语时,句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。
10. ________ either of your parents come to see you recently?
a. have b. had c. has d. is
解析:选c. either 是主语部分的中心词,助动词要与either在数上保持一致。
11. what the children in the mountain village need ________ good books.
a. is b. are c. have d. has
解析:选b. what 引导的主语从句作主语时,谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来决定,此处要用非第三人称单数形式。
12. the whole family _______ tv attentively.
a. are watching b. is watching
c. is seeing d. are seeing
解析:选a.此处family指家里的各个成员,所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。
13. nothing but several glasses ________ bought by my father the day before yesterday.
a. was b. were c. have been d. would be
解析:选a. 此处nothing句子的主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
14. at the bus stop ______ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.
a. were b. was c. is d. sits
解析:选a. 此句为倒装句,句子的主语是a soldier and two young people.
15. if law and order ______, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.
a. are not preserved b. is not preserved
c. were preserved d. have not been preserved
解析:选b. 此处主语law and order 指的是同一个概念,所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.
16. there ______ little change in that middle school.
a. have b. had c. have been d. has been
解析:选d. 此处there be结构中的主语little change是不可数名词。
17. what such a sunset is ______ strange to us all.
a. going to be b. / c. is d. that
解析:选c. 本句是主语从句,缺谓语,所以要用第三人称单数形式。
18. seventy-five percent of the earth’s surface ______ with water.
a. is covered b. is covering
c. were covered d. are covered
解析:选a. 本句缺谓语,主语percent后面是不可数名词,所以要用第三人称单数形式。
19. the following ______ some other mental diseases.
a. being b. are c. was d. were
解析:选b. 本句的表语是复数形式,所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形。
20. not only you but also i ______ able to help him out.
a. are b. is c. am d. were
解析:选c. 根据就近一致性原则,谓语用am
21.“ the kites” ______ us a story of the kite’s history.
a. have told b. tells c. were told d. was told
解析:选b. 本句的主语是书名,从整体考虑,谓语是第三人称单数形。
22. you and i _____ twin sisters.
a. were b. are c. is d. am
解析:选b. 用and连接两个并列主语时,谓语用非第三人称单数形。
23. a teacher of english and class teacher _______ us something about volunteer workers.
a are telling b. is telling
c. are given d. were given
解析:选b. 本句主语是同一个人,谓语用第三人称单数形式。
24. thousands of tons of rubbish ________ over a large period of time.
a. rots away b. rot away
c. has rotted away d. are rotted away
解析:选b. 本句主语是tons, 是复数形式,rot是不及物动词,不可用被动形式。
25. mayor as well as volunteer workers _______ the newly-built stadium.
a. is cleaning b. are cleaning
c. were cleaning d. have cleaned
解析:选a. 本句主语mayor是单数形式,谓语用第三人称单数形式。
26. many a student ______ something about abraham lincoln. a. have known b. knows
c. is known d. are known
解析:选b.主语many a student 意思是复数,形式是单数。谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。
27. the defence works ______ built long ago to keep the enemy away.
a. were b. has been c. had been d. was
解析:选d. 主语works 是集合名词,当成整体考虑,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。.
28.“ have you all studied the passage‘using the mind against disease’?”
“______ .”
a. nobody of us has b. nobody of us have
c. none of us has d. none of us did
解析:选c. 因为问句是完成时态,答句要用完成时态回答,另外主语不可用nobody of us.
29. a group of italian soldiers ______ quickly towards their position.
a. were advancing b. were advanced
c. was advancing d. advancing
解析:选a. 主语a group of 在本句中表示具体每个人。
30. everyone, men and women, old and young ______ sports and games.
a. is enjoy b. were enjoying
c. enjoys d. enjoy
解析:选c. 本句主语是不定代词everyone,为单数主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。