高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略-j9九游会网址

篇1：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

　　高考即将开战，你准备好了吗？高考网小编为各位考生整理了一些高考复习方法，供大家参考阅读！

　　专题1  阅读理解专题之----主旨大意题

　　【设问形式】

　　1.主旨大意题之标题归纳题常见设问形式：

　　1）what may/can be the best title for the text?

　　2）the best title for the text would be______.

　　3）which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　4）what might be the most suitable title for the text?

　　....

　　2.主旨大意题之主题归纳题常见的设问形式：

　　1）the main idea of the passage is…

　　2）the passage is mainly about…

　　3）which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?

　　4）what is the passage mainly about?

　　......

　　【考查方式】

　　高考阅读理解主旨大意题的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章或一个段落的深层次理解和把握其主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题、标题设题。这类题目一般考查：概括总结文章的主题、文章标题、段落大意等。它要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括和总结，要求学生通过快速阅读获取语篇中心思想的能力，辨别筛选信息的能力。

　　1. 主旨大意题之标题归纳题解题思路：

　　在阅读理解中，通常利用找中心句来确定文章标题。首先通读文章，找到文章的中心句，根据中心句的关键词来确定最佳标题。同时，在选标题的时候还要注意以下几个问题：

　　1）首先要在对原文的理解基础上仔细考虑所选标题是否符合文章的中心思想，同时关注标题对文章的内容的覆盖性如何，避免题目范围过大或过小。

　　2）确定文章标题时要注意容易犯的几个错误：①涵盖内容片面，以偏概全 ②标题过于笼统，过于概括。

　　3）把文章内容扩大了范围而不能很好地对应文章的中心思想。③标题集中在一些文章的事实或细节而没有对文章的中心思想有一个提升和概括。④选标题时要站在作者和原文的角度理解上，不要自己主观臆断。

　　2.主旨大意题之主题归纳题解题思路：

　　归纳总结主题包括对整篇文章和对段落的大意总结。对整篇文章的大意总结一是需要利用文章的主题段来把握文章的中心思想。主题段通常出现在文章开头和结尾。主要信息来把握文章脉络，再进行综合归纳，概括出文章的主题。

　　对段落大意的总结和概括主要通过寻找主题句的方法来完成。主题句的特点是由于文章的结构不同，主题句出现的位置通常也不同。①主题句在开头：先提出观点，再举例论证或细节解释观点。②主题句在末尾：先表述细节或举例，再归纳结论或结果。③主题句在中间：开头先介绍背景或细节，中间综合或概括出主题，后面再用具体的事实进一步说明或发展前面的主题。④首尾呼应：开头点出主题，中间加以解释，末尾再次强调主题或对前面的事实做出进一步的概括，虽然前后主题中心思想一致，但表述不尽相同。⑤无主题句：注意反复出现的关键词，再进行归纳总结。

　　实战演练

　　【例题】

　　1. 主旨大意题之标题归纳题： 全国卷1 c

　　some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in paris and new orleans to celebrate the first annual international jazz day. unesco( united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization) recently set april30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.

　　despite the celebrations, though, in the u.s. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

　　it’s jason moran’s job to help change that. as the kennedy center’s artistic adviser for jazz, moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.

　　“jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the american appetite,”moran tells national public radio’s reporter neal conan. “what i’m hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. it’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”

　　moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “the music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. it has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,”says moran.

　　last year, moran worked on a project that arranged fats waller’s music for a dance party, “just to kind of put it back in the mind that waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says moran. “for me, it’s the recontextualization. in music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? are we, as abstract as a charlie parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,”says moran, “so i want to continue those dialogue. those are the things i want to foster.”

　　31．which of the following can be the best title for the text?

　　a．exploring the future of jazz.

　　b．the rise and fall of jazz.

　　c．the story of a jazz musician.

　　d．celebrating the jazz day.

　　解析：文章首段点出：unesco( united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization) recently set april30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.联合国教科文组织为了保护爵士乐，设立国际爵士乐日。及结合全文，尤其第三至六段提及jason moran对爵士乐的看法及希望，可以得出最佳的标题是a---“探索爵士乐的未来”更符合文章的中心思想。

　　2. 主旨大意题之主题归纳题： 全国卷1  c

　　languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. when the world was sill populated by hunter-gatherers , small tightly knit (联系)groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other. some language experts believe that 10000 years ago, when the world had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 1200 languages between them.

　　soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number. in recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant languages such as english, spanish and chinese are increasingly taking over.

　　at present, the world has about 6800 languages. the distribution of these languages is hugely uneven. the general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots,often spoken by small numbers. europe has only around 200 languages; the americas about 1000; africa 2400; and asia and the pacific perhaps 3200, of which papua new guinea alone accounts for well over 800. the median number (中位数) of speakers is a mere 6000, which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that.

　　already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction (消亡),with only a few elderly speakers left. pick, at random, busum in cameroon(eight remaining speaker), chiapaneco in mexico (150), lipan apache in the united states (two or three) or wadjigu in australia (one, with a question-mark) none of these seems to have much chance of survival.

　　31. what is the main idea of the text?

　　a.new languages will be created.

　　b.people’s lifestyles are reflected in fewer languages.

　　c.human development results in fewer languages.

　　d. geography determines language evolution.

　　解析：文章的首段点出文章的主题：languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going.增加的语言少，消失的语言多，再结合文章按照时间顺序讲述了人类发展的进程和语言的消失。所以我们可以得出c答案。

　　【举一反三】

　　a

　　at the age of seven, while his friends were spending their allowances on candy and toys, jose adolfo quisocola, from peru, came up with the creative idea of an eco-bank, which allows kids of all ages to become economically independent and financially wise while also helping the environment.

　　established in , the bartselana student bank is the world’s first cooperative bank for kids. whoever wants to join has to bring in at least 5 kilograms(11 pounds) of solid waste(paper or plastic) and establish a savings goal. once accepted, all bank “partners” are required to deposit at least one additional kilogram(2.2 pounds) of recyclables on a monthly basis and obey other requirements, such as attending financial education and environmental management workshops. the waste accumulated is sold to local recycling companies, who, thanks to some clever negotiation by jose, pay a higher-than-market rate for everything brought in by bartselana student bank members. the funds received are placed in the individual’s account where they collect until his／her savings goal is reached. the account holder can then withdraw his／her money, or choose to leave it and continue to grow for a bigger target.

　　“at the beginning, my teachers thought i was crazy or that a child could not undertake this type of project, ” jose recalls. “they did not understand that we are not the future of the country but its present. luckily, i had the support of the school principal and an assistant in my classroom.”

　　the youngster’s persistence paid off. today, the eco-bank, which now has the support of several local institutions, has ten educational centers and begins accepting applications from kids all across peru. on november 20, , the young boy was awarded the famous children’s climate prize (ccp). “jose’s eco-bank is a brilliant way of linking economy and climate impact, both in thought and practice. the potential impact is amazing,” a judge said.

　　hopefully, jose’s success will inspire more kids and adults to come up with new ideas that create value while helping the environment. as the boy says,” together we can change the world…we just need an opportunity…”

　　1. what can be a suitable title for the passage?

　　a. an amazing boy，jose

　　b. recycling does count much

　　c. an opportunity to change the world

　　d. an eco-bank, economical and ecological

　　b

　　solar energy systems/power plants do not produce air pollution, water pollution, or greenhouse gases. using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on the environment, when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment.

　　however, some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic (光电池的) cells that convert sunlight into electricity. some solar thermal (保热的) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment. u. s. environmental laws regulate the use and settlement of these types of materials.

　　as with any type of power plant, large solar power plants can affect the environment near their locations. the placement of the power plant may have long-term effects on the habitats of native plants and animals. some solar power plant-s may require water for cleaning solar collectors and concentrators or for cooling turbine generators. using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. in addition, the beam of concentrated sunlight a solar power tower creates can kill birds and insects that fly into the beam.

　　the amount of solar energy that the earth receives each day is many times greater than the total amount of all energy that people consume each day. however, on the surface of the earth, solar energy is a variable and irregular energy source. the amount of sunlight and the intensity of sunlight varies by time of day and location. weather and climate conditions affect the availability of sunlight daily and on a seasonal basis. the type and size of a solar energy collection and conversion system determines how much of the available solar energy we can convert into useful energy.

　　2. what does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

　　a. different areas receive different amount of solar energy.

　　b. how to convert solar energy into useful energy.

　　c. the relationship between solar energy collection and the sunlight.

　　d. some factors that influence the amount of solar energy collection.

　　3. what does the author think of the solar energy systems?

　　a. they are totally environment-friendly.

　　b. they have both advantages and disadvantages. c. they should be forbidden in the future.

　　d. they should be encouraged in quantities.

　　解析：

　　1. 标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了秘鲁一位年轻人jose adolfo quisocola创立的生态银行，它让各个年龄段的孩子在经济上独立，经济上明智，同时也帮助环境。因此d项“生态银行，经济又环保”适合作本文最佳标题。故d选项正确。

　　2. 段落大意题。第三段主要是关于影响太阳能的因素，阳光的数量和强度，天气和气候条件，太阳能转换系统等都会影响太阳能的使用。故选d。

　　3. 推测判断题。作者在文中提到了太阳能对环境保护的好处，同时也提出太阳能的一些劣势，比如会破坏生态平衡，不稳定。由此可以看出作者认为太阳能既有好处，也有不好的地方，选b。

　　专题2 阅读理解专题之----文章出处及文体类型题

　　【设问形式】

　　判断文章出处及文体类型题常见设问形式：

　　5）the passage is most likely to be taken from______.

　　6）where would this passage most probably appear?

　　7）the passage is most likely a part of______.

　　8）where does this text probably come from?

　　5）what type of writing is this text?

　　【考查方式】

　　高考阅读理解文章出处的考查旨在考查学生对一篇文章的内容的理解及对各种文章出处的特点和常识，对文章的体裁和题材的准确把握能力。几乎所有话题都有可能涉及文章出处、文章类别的的阅读题目。

　　解答文章出处和文体类型题主要从文章的体裁和题材内容来作出判断。考生需要在理解文章的基础上去了解各种出处的特点，以便结合文章的内容、关键词作出准确的判断。首先注意常见的出处类型的特点：如①新闻报道(newspaper)的首段通常为导语，包括人物、时间、地点或事件等；②科普类杂志(science magazine)或科普类说明文常会出现scientists have found; the research/study shows that...等表明实验结果的句子；杂志的文章更为丰富，话题更具体，语言比较轻松活泼；③广告(advertisement)的用词和格式特殊，很好辨认，广告可能会谈到某产品的特色、价格等，会透露出鼓励读者去了解和购买的信息。④产品说明，器皿、设备的使用说明会有产品名称或操作方式，而药品的服用说明会有服用时间、次数、用量等。⑤研究报告(report),语言严肃认真，文章往往保护具体的数据或事实依据，实际情况等。⑥课本教材(textbook),会使用教化性的语言，说理讲解味较为浓厚，对阅读对象的指向性很明确。⑦传记(biography):历史性强，时间线索比较明显，往往包含重要事件。⑧科幻小说(science fiction):内容多为对某些尚未出现或发现的科学发明等进行想象和预测。⑨旅行指南(travel guide/guide book): 给旅游者提供一些旅游信息，介绍当地的一些好去处，如：餐馆、公园、旅游景点等 ⑩网站(website)内容广泛，文章常出现click等网络用语。

　　实战演练

　　【例题】1. 全国1  b篇

　　they baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. she is quiet but alert (警觉)。twenty  centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. she stares at it carefully. a researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. as the cards change from one to the other,her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focus - until a third, with three black spots, is presented. her gaze returns；she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?

　　or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? the same experiment,but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.perhaps it is just the newness? when slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb,a key,an orange and so on),changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.could it be the pattern that two things make,as opposed to three? no again.babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. the effect even crosses between senses.babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.

　　63.where does this text probably come from?

　　a.science fiction.  b.children’s literature.  c.an advertisement.  d.a science report.

　　解析：文章主要讲通过研究人员的实验，来证明婴儿具备感知数量的能力。根据题材内容判读符合研究报告的特点，所以选d

　　【举一反三】

　　a

　　there was a lot of news related to artificial intelligence, or ai, and machine learning. among the stories were two dealing with direct competitions between humans and machines.

　　in one competition, machines that used ai performed better than human beings in a high-level reading test. two natural language processing tools beat human in the experiment. one of the tools was built by the american technology company microsoft. the other was created by chinese online seller alibaba group.

　　in another competition, a computer took on humans in live, public debates. the event demonstrated how ai-powered computers are increasingly being developed to think and sound like humans. the organizer of the debates, u. s. technology company ibm, announced split results. it said a majority of those watching said they felt the machine had done more to improve their knowledge of the subject. but, the human got more praise for communicating their ideas.

　　this year, we also explored the many ways ai and machine learning are now being used. for example, some u. s. judges use machine learning systems to help them decide when, and for how long, criminals should be jailed. the system uses computers to examine data from thousands of court cases.

　　one fast-growing area of ai is facial recognition, which is increasingly being used for security purposes. recently, atlanta's hartsfield-jackson airport became the first in the u. s. to permit passengers to use facial recognition technology to get on flights. a chinese company showed off an ai system it developed to recognize individuals by body shape and walking movements. the system is already being used by chinese police in beijing and shanghai.

　　in addition, machine learning was used during to predict results of the world cup soccer competition. the technology also created artwork that sold for a large amount of money. and it is being used to help farmer save time and money, while reducing environment-harming chemicals. other technology systems are being used to follow farm animals and wildlife to collect information on their activities.

　　1. why were the two competitions mentioned in the passage?

　　a. to show how much better ai and machine learning are than humans.

　　b. to prove ai and machine learning got more praise for communication.

　　c. to show how powerful ai and machine learning are.

　　d. to prove ai and machine learning have been used in the work of u. s. judges.

　　2. what are facial and body recognition systems used for in the passage?

　　a. knowledge learning.   b. safety control.   c. office automation.   d. tracking survey.

　　3. what can we infer from this passage?

　　a. ai has been widely used in every person's daily life.

　　b. human can be replaced by ai in future completely.

　　c. more attention is being paid to ai in every part of the world.

　　d. more advanced al is helping people in more and more areas.

　　4. where is the text probably from?

　　a. a technology report.      b. a natural science magazine.

　　c. science fiction.           d. a government document.

　　a：【解析】这是一篇说明文。人工智能和机器学习快速发展，机器在一些比赛中超过了人类。除此以外，机器和人工智能被应用于很多领域。

　　1. 推理判断题。根据第二第三段可知在第一场比赛中，使用人工智能的机器表现得比人类更好；在第二个比赛中，机器人在公开辩论中挑战人类，结果大多数观看者认为机器在提高他们对这门学科的知识方面做得更好。这两个比赛都体现了人工智能和机器学习的强大，选c。

　　2. 细节理解题。根据“one fast-growing area of ai is facial recognition, which is increasingly being used for security purposes.”可知人工智能的一个快速发展的领域是面部识别，它越来越多地被用于安全目的。故选b。

　　3. 推理判断题。根据“some u. s. judges use machine learning systems to help them decide when,”可知一些美国法官使用机器学习系统来帮助他们决定罪犯应该被监禁的时间和期限，再根据最后两段可知机器学习和人工智能还被应用于安全监控和预测世界杯足球赛的结果，保护环境等。根据这些可以推断机器在越来越多的领域帮助着人类，故选d。

　　4. 推理判断题。本文文章主要是关于人工智能和机器学习的，最有可能是来自于科技报告（a technology report.），故选a。

　　b

　　many of us love july because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance.these colourful and sweet jewels form british columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.

　　of the common berries, strawberries are highest in vitamin c, although, because of their seeds, raspberries contain a little more protein (蛋白质), iron and zinc (not that fruits have much protein). blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants (抗氧化物质). the yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin a and which are antioxidants. as for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares? however, they are rich in vitamin c.

　　when combined with berries of slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat ”ice cream”. for this purpose, select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze. if you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. frozen bananas will last several weeks, depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the freezer.

　　if you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit.out comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. this makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.

　　5. what does the author seem to like about cherries?

　　a. they contain protein.      b. they are high in vitamin a.

　　c. they have a pleasant taste.   d. they are rich in antioxidants.

　　6. why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?

　　a. to make them smell better. b. to keep their colour.

　　c. to speed up their ripening. d. to improve their nutrition.

　　7. what is “a juicer” in the last paragraph?

　　a. a dessert. b. a drink.

　　c. a container. d. a machine.

　　8.from which is the text probably taken?

　　a. a biology textbook. b. a health magazine.

　　c. a research paper. d. a travel brochure.

　　b：【解析】本文是一篇日常生活类说明文。文中讲述了人们热爱水果丰盛的7月，这时候各种水果营养丰富且含有对人体有益的微量元素，尤其是香蕉。我们可以利用它做一些孩子喜欢的甜点或冰淇淋。

　　5.细节理解题。题干问的是，作者喜欢樱桃什么。根据第二段中as for cherries (樱桃), they are so delicious who cares?（至于樱桃，因为它们很好吃谁在乎呢?）可知，作者在乎的是它的美味。故选c。

　　6.细节理解题。根据第三段中的if you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown.可知，往香蕉上滴新鲜的柠檬汁是为了防止香蕉变成褐色，故新鲜的柠檬汁是被用来保持香蕉的颜色的。故选b。

　　7.词义猜测题。根据最后一段中they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below可知，孩子们喜欢把一些水果和冷冻的香蕉放入到这台机器的上部，然后看到冰激凌从下面出来。故可以推出a juicer就是一台机器。故选d。

　　8.文章出处题。文章首先指出七月是水果盛产的季节，并指出各种水果富含的营养，最后一段指出我们可以用a juicer为孩子们做一些甜点和冰激凌，故最可能是从健康杂志上摘取的文章。a项意为：生物教科书；b项意为：一本健康杂志；c项意为：一篇研究论文；d项意为：一本旅游手册。故选b。

　　专题3 阅读理解专题之----推理判断隐含意义题

　　【设问形式】

　　1.推理判断隐含意义题常见设问形式：

　　9）it can be inferred/implied from the text that_______.

　　10）what do we know about...?

　　11）we can infer from... that_____.

　　12）what does the author mean that...?

　　....

　　【考查方式】

　　高考阅读理解隐含意义题要求考生在理解表面文字的基础上，做出判断和推论，从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文的逻辑关系及事物的发展变化等已知的信息去推断出作者没有直接表达出来的深层意思。推理判断隐含意义不仅要求考生能够读懂文章中的每个句子信息，还要求考生能够推理他们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，准确理解出文章的言外之意，揭示文章的深层含义。

　　推理判断隐含意义题解题思路：

　　推理判断隐含意义题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，准确理解文中的已知部分，再结合语境和常识推论出未知部分，作者的言外之意。切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点，不能主观臆断。除此之外，还要注意几个误区：

　　①原文信息的简单重复，并不是推断出来的结论。②文中无关紧要或片面推出的结论。③与文章内容不符的推论或相反的推论。④不合常理或不合逻辑的推论。⑤虽然符合考生的常识，但文中并没有支撑的依据。所以考生一是要全面分析所有相关信息，切忌片面思考，得出片面结论。二是要忠实原文，切忌脱离原文，凭空臆断。三是注意不要选择表层信息答案，应该立足由已知推断未知。

　　实战演练

　　【例题】

　　例题1： 全国1  a

　　you probably know who marie curie was,but you may not have heard of rachel carson.of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?

　　jane addams(1860-1935)

　　anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has jane addams to thank. addams helped the poor and worked for peace. she encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. in 1931,addams became the first american woman to win the nobel peace prize.

　　rachel carson(1907-1964)

　　if it weren’t for rachel carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. her popular 1962 book silent spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.

　　sandra day o’connor(1930-present)

　　when sandra day o’connor finished third in her class at stanford law school, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. she became an arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the u.s. supreme court. o’connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.

　　rosa parks(1913-)

　　on december 1,1955,in montgomery, alabama, rosa parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a white passenger. her simple act landed parks in prison. but it also set off the montgomery bus boycott. it lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “the only tired i was, was tired of giving in,” said parks.31．

　　24. what can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?

　　a. they are highly educated.     b. they are truly creative.

　　c. they are pioneers.           d. they are peace-lovers.

　　解析：c推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。故选c。

　　例题2： 全国2   b

　　five years ago, when i taught art at a school in seattle, i used tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students. i put a small set of tinkertoys in front of each student, and said: “make something out of the tinkertoys. you have 45 minutes today—and 45minutes each day for the rest of the week.”

　　a few students hesitated to start. they waited to see what the rest of the class would do. several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided. another group built something out of their own imaginations.

　　once i had a boy who worked experimentally with tinkertoys in his free time. his constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home. i was delighted at the presence of such a student. here was an exceptionally creative mind at work. his presence meant that i had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.

　　encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside. i ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking. without fail one would declare, “but i’m just not creative.”

　　“do you dream at night when you’re asleep?”

　　“oh, sure.”

　　“so tell me one of your most interesting dreams.” the student would tell something wildly imaginative. flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads. “that’s pretty creative. who does that for you?”

　　“nobody. i do it.”

　　“really—at night, when you’re asleep?”

　　“sure.”

　　“try doing it in the daytime, in class, okay?”

　　6. what do we know about the boy mentioned in paragraph 3?

　　a. he liked to help his teacher.b. he preferred to study alone.

　　c. he was active in class.d. he was imaginative.

　　解析：d 推理判断题。文章第三段第一句中提到的这个男孩在空闲时间拼装这些玩具，而且他的作品堆满了艺术教室的架子，家里的卧室里也有很多。第三段倒数第二句“here was an exceptionally creative mind at work”说明他是一个很有想象力和创造性的人。故d项正确。

　　【举一反三】

　　a

　　army spc. lauren jahn gets emotional when talking about it — recalling the time she saw an american flag flying outside her hospital room and couldn’t stand to salute it.

　　＂it really hurt,＂ jahn says, referring to both the physical and mental pain she was going through. ＂all of the hopes and dreams i had, it takes a while to realize that they’re gone.＂

　　just a few months before that moment in the hospital, jahn had joined the u.s. army. she’d made it through basic training mostly unscathed save for some pain in her shins(胫), something she owed to the concentrated running. when she finally decided to see a doctor about the pain, she expected to get a clean bill of health. instead she got doctor’s orders for an mri, and a phone call no one likes to get. the doctor said she needed to discuss her results in person.

　　the day after thanksgiving in , jahn found out she had a rare form of bone cancer. then she had an operation. the following months of recovery were challenging. the single mother of three young children had to fight off depression as she also learned to walk again. she spent six months in a wheelchair.

　　but it was during this time that jahn found out about fitted sports— things like wheelchair basketball, seated volleyball and track and field — where rules have been changed slightly to let people with disabilities compete on a level playing field. when she decided to try out archery(箭术), she discovered a new passion in life.

　　jahn took home second place in archery at the department of defense warrior games, where cbs news met her. she now has her sights set on qualifying for the paralympic games, or even the summer olympic games.

　　＂i want my kids to see that it doesn’t matter what you go through in life, you can still be active, you can still chase your dreams.＂

　　1. how did jahn feel when her dreams were gone?

　　a. astonished.b. disappointed.

　　c. hurtful.d. helpless.

　　2. what did jahn hope to receive while seeing a doctor?

　　a. doctor’s comfort.b. lessening the pain of shins.

　　c. some bills’ rewards.    d. a healthy certificate.

　　3. what happened after jahn had an operation?

　　a. she nearly broke down.b. she lost her three children.

　　c. she was trapped in a wheelchair.d. she never thought about walking again.

　　4. what does the last paragraph suggest?

　　a. she gets on well with kids.b. all difficulties are temporary.

　　c. she desires to set children an example.d. life is not easy unless you are active.

　　解析：

　　a：【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。一位因患骨癌而残疾的母亲努力进行康复训练，走出了阴影。她学习箭术、刻苦训练并在比赛中获得亚军。

　　1. c【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的＂it really hurt＂与 all of the hopes and dreams i had, it takes a while to realize that they’re gone.判断，当她的梦想破灭时，她很难受。

　　2. d【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的 when she finally decided to see a doctor about the pain, she expected to get a clean bill of health.判断，当 jahn 去看医生时，她想收到自己身体健康的证明。

　　3. c 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she spent six months in a wheelchair”可知，在手术之后，她被困在轮椅中六个月，故选择c项，其他选项不符合文意。

　　4. c 【解析】推理判断题。通读最后一段可知，jahn 想告诉她的孩子们，无论生活中经历了什么，人仍然可以保持乐观积极，仍然可以追逐自己的梦想。故推断她希望为孩子们树立榜样，故选择 c 项。

　　b

　　minutes after the last movie ended yesterday at the plaza theater, employees were busy sweeping up popcorns and gathering coke cups. it was a scene that had been repeated many times in the theater’s 75-year history. this time, however, the cleanup was a little different. as one group of workers carried out the rubbish, another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the building’s end.

　　the film classic the last picture show was the last movie shown in the old theater. though the movie is 30 years old, most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. theater owner ed bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate. the movie is set in a small town where the only movie theater is preparing to close down.

　　bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the plaza to compete. he added that the theater’s location(位置) was also a reason. ＂this used to be the center of town,＂ he said. ＂now the area is mostly office buildings and warehouses.＂

　　last week some city officials suggested the city might be interested in turning the old theater into a museum and public meeting place. however, these plans were abandoned because of financial problems. bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.

　　the theater audience said good-bye as bradford locked the doors for the last time. after 75 years the plaza theater had shown its last movie. the theater will be missed.

　　5. in what way was yesterday’s cleanup at the plaza special?

　　a. it made room for new equipment.

　　b. it signaled the closedown of the theater.

　　c. it was done with the help of the audience.

　　d. it marked the 75th anniversary of the theater.

　　6. why was the last picture show put on?

　　a. it was an all-time classic.     b. it was about the history of the town.

　　c. the audience requested it.     d. the theater owner found it suitable.

　　7. what will probably happen to the building?

　　a. it will be repaired.      b. it will be turned into a museum.

　　c. it will be knocked down.    d. it will be sold to the city government.

　　8. what can we infer about the audience?

　　a. they are disappointed with bradford.    b. they are sad to part with the old theater.

　　c. they are supportive of the city officials.  d. they are eager to have a shopping center.

　　b：【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一家具有历史的剧院因为不利的地理位置和现代剧院的竞争而被转售的故事。

　　5. b细节理解题。根据首段的最后两句可知，这次散场后的清理工作与之前不同的是这次清理工人不仅清理走了垃圾，而且还挪走了桌椅和剧院的其他设备，因为剧院已经被转卖出去了。

　　6. d 推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可知，剧院老板选择这部电影是因为这部电影本身讲述的是小镇上唯一的电影院即将关门停业的故事，与plaza theater情况一样。

　　7. c 推理判断题。根据第四段句末中的“which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.”可以推断出这个剧院即将被拆除，取而代之的是一个现代的购物中心。

　　8. b 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“most of the 250 seats were filled with teary-eyed audience wanting to say good-bye to the old building. ”可知，人们非常难过，不愿看到老剧院被拆掉。

篇2：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

　　高考英语：调节心态，静心阅读；先题后文，文题结合；根据常识，巧妙排谬；阅读速度，合理变化；选择略读，快速答题；利用跳读，排除疑难；复读检查，确定答案。

　　1. 调节心态，静心阅读

　　考生的精神状态及心理状况对阅读理解有很大的影响。若精神状态佳，心情好，一看到阅读材料就能马上进入角色，进行深入的阅读，从而快速准确地找出答案；反之则亦然。要做好阅读理解，应注意以下几点： 首先，考生不要害怕高考，注意调节心态，以一种平常心来参加高考。首先，考生不要害怕高考，注意调节心态，以一种平常心来参加高考。其次，考生须注意考试策略，在静不下心时，索性把阅读理解先放到一边，先做其他的题；或者，干脆把笔放下，闭目养神，休息一会儿，待头脑清醒后，再按照自己所熟悉的方法，有步骤地静心阅读，从而做好阅读理解题。再次，特别要注意考试前的休息，切不要平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚。

　　2. 先题后文，文题结合

　　在高考中，阅读理解短文后面的问题及选项体现了考查要求，因此，考生在做阅读理解题时应先审题，了解哪些是关于事实性或细节性的问题，哪些又是关于归纳性或推理性的问题。也就是说，考生必须首先明白要解答什么的问题，然后带着这些问题去阅读短文，快速找到问题的相关信息。这样阅读的目的明确，有的放矢，就会大大缩短阅读时间，提高理解的正确性。

　　3. 根据常识，巧妙排谬

　　考生在阅读短文之前首先读文后的试题及选项，同时应根据我们所学过的政治、经济、文化、教育、军事、历史、地理、物理、化学、生物等知识及生活中的一些经验和常识对选项进行判断、推理，排除那些可能性较少的选项，缩小所选范围，在提高答题的准确性的同时，加快做题的速度。

　　4. 阅读速度，合理变化

　　在阅读理解的过程中，同学们必须去掉两个错误认识：一是认为读得快了就会影响理解；二是如果不把每一个生词弄懂就不能理解全文。由于这两个认识，考生对于一篇短文总是细嚼慢咽，逐字逐词地阅读，希望理解全文。而事实上，高考中的阅读是信息性的阅读，考生必须学会从篇章整体出发，用skimming(略读)或 scanning(浏览)的方法快速阅读，强化上下文之间的联系，进行综合分析，整体理解，抓住文章的主脉，融会贯通。但是，另一方面当考生找到了与问题的相关信息时，对信息部分应该放慢阅读速度，逐词逐句地阅读从而达到对信息的准确把握。

　　5. 选择略读，快速答题

　　考生在读了短文后的试题及选项后，就要快速浏览全文。在略读的同时标出与问题相关的词、短语及句子，并且对于那些事实性、细节性的简单问题，可直接选出正确答案。对于推断性的问题，待到把文章读完后，再作研究。有时，考生只需把与问题相关的句子、段落读完就可以了，而后面那些与问题无关的句子、段落就可以不读，以免浪费时间。

　　6. 利用跳读，排除疑难

　　考生在进行略读答题后，对于那些归纳总结性、逻辑推断性等这样的间接性、复杂性问题，考生不必复读全文，而只要skipping(跳读)那些在略读过程中所标出的相关的词句就可以了。考生可用“顺读法”——从相关的句子或相关的段落到问题，或逆读法”——从问题到相关的句子或相关的段落，跳读那些与之相关的句子、段落并对它们进行分析、比较、综合、归纳，从而选出正确答案。

　　7. 复读检查，确定答案

　　考生在做完阅读理解试题后，还应仔细复读短文，对所选答案进行检查、核实验证。一方面，考生对事实和细节的分析、归纳要全面，不要以偏概全；另一方面，考生对文章的分析要深入，挖掘文章的深层意义，不要被表面的意思所迷惑；第三，考生必须紧扣文章的事实和细节，切不可以主观臆断代替事实，也不要以自己的观点代替作者的观点。对于个别没有把握的疑难问题，若时间不允许仔细研究时，则根据第一感觉迅速作出决定，不可留有空白。

篇3：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

　　考生进入高三之后，“回归基础，归纳演绎”是提高自己英语成绩的重要保证。首先，依据高考考纲和高考说明要对所学课本进行系统梳理，其次，对一些重点或自身比较薄弱的语法项目内容进行强化复习。关键是，在第一阶段期间高三学生须花大气力扩大英语词汇量，坚持每天阅读训练，不断提升自己的英语阅读理解能力。

　　进入高三阶段之后，考生应根据阅读理解的命题原则和特点进行下面几个方面能力的强化：

　　1.讲究词汇记忆质量，提升阅读理解能力

　　英语阅读能力高低，关键在于词汇量，所以考生一定要注意词汇记忆的质量，注意积累和掌握处理词汇的四个基本能力：①根据构词法判断衍生词、派生词和合成词的词义和词性的能力；②根据篇章语境和上下文断定一词多义、熟词生义的语言能力；③娴熟掌握篇章中语言借代的现象；④准确判断与阅读理解密切相关的一些语言功能现象，如：逻辑连词，递进衔接词和语法连接词。

　　2.精读泛读相互融合，确保能力开阔视野

　　精读的目的是：弄清每个词汇的确切含义和其语言功能，整体把握篇章，了解谋篇布局和熟悉作者的语言结构。通过精读反过来促进词汇记忆和应用，同时又能达到学习他人的写作目的。

　　泛读的目的是：坚持每天读一点，旨在开阔视野，增加英美文化背景知识，扩大知识面有助于提升阅读理解能力，以此不断丰富自己处理语言现象的能力。

　　3.正确掌握阅读速度，强化阅读理解精度

　　近年来的高考阅读篇章的篇幅较长，对考生的阅读速度和理解的精度要求较高。因此，考生应采用正确的阅读方法，把自己的关注力集中在语义上，准确领会作者的写作意图为阅读第一要素。应用“意群理解”的阅读方式，多用略读、跳读、扫读和回读的快捷方法，在最短的时间内找寻关键词、主题句及作者意图等重要信息。为提高阅读速度，最好坚持有针对性的限时阅读训练策略的强化，提升阅读速度的同时又能把握阅读理解的精度。

　　针对高考阅读理解的命题原则和思路，建议考生应在阅读理解策略上多下功夫，动动点子。针对高考阅读理解设题思路，考生可根据不同题型采用不同策略。

　　①主旨大意题——“篇章首尾兼顾”策略

　　这类题称之为“主题句定位原则”，通常可在文章首段的第一句或段落的首尾句找到主旨大意的关键词语。

　　②综合细节题——“语义类似定位”策略

　　今年高考的综合细节题多运用同义解释或反义转换形式，侧重考查考生的语言的理解和把握能力，故解题时宜采用相关同义或反义表述搜寻策略即可。

　　③推测判断题——“因果关联定位”策略

　　这类题为“依据事实推测未知结论”的类型理解题，解题时须遵循客观规律，符合逻辑推理，根据已知事实依据判定动作趋势和相关结果的因果关联思考。

　　④最佳标题题——“中心词 概括性词语”策略

　　这类题的词语短而精炼，解题时应遵循“概括性词语加上中心词”的搭配原则，这类题的短语构成具有概括性、针对性和醒目性的特点。

　　⑤作者意图题——“尾段言语定位”策略

　　这类题主要考查考生能否正确判定作者为何写这篇文章，他对所描述的事件的真正看法是什么，所以，解题时重点关注短文的最后一段含有结论性的词语就能获得关键信息词语。

篇4：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法

在高考中英语考试中比较难的占分值比较多的内容就是英语阅读理解了，想要提高英语阅读理解的成绩，那么就要在平时的时候掌握科学的答题技巧，下面小编为大家提供高考英语阅读理解的技巧和方法，希望对大家有所帮助。

在做英语阅读理解之前先浏览一遍

在做英语阅读理解的时候想要更好的对文章理解，那么就需要对文章先大体的浏览一遍，在浏览的过程中将文章的人物、时间、地点着重理解，也就是对文章的主线内容着重了解，有利于大家在做题的时候不会偏理方向，把握文章的中心思想，在后边定位的时候也能够更好的找到阅读理解的答案。

根据阅读理解选项定位文章

在做英语阅读理解的过程中，可以通过文章的问题从而定位文章，一般英语阅读理解的题干和选项之间是因果关系，对文章的人物、时间、地点进行的考察，在做英语阅读理解的过程中有的时候通过题干的阅读能够对文章的主体内容更好的了解，通过问题的提问回到文章中去找出对应的段落，将其进行整合、分析和对比，从而得出正确答案。

英语阅读理解猜测题意题联系上下文

篇5：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

　　一.高考阅读的基本解题思路：

　　第一，扫描提干，划关键项。

  　第二， 通读全文，抓住中心。

　　1. 通读全文，抓两个重点：

　　①首段（中心句、核心概念常在第一段，常在首段出题）；

　　②其他各段的段首和段尾句。（其他部分略读，有重点的读）

　　2. 抓住中心，用一分半时间思考3个问题：

　　①文章叙述的主要内容是什么？

　　②文章中有无提到核心概念？

　　③作者的大致态度是什么？

　　第三，仔细审题，返回原文。（仔细看题干，把每道题和原文的某处建立联系，挂起钩）

　　定位原则：

　　①通常是由题干出发，使用寻找关键词定位原则。（关键词：大写字母、地名、时间、数字等）

　　②自然段定位原则。出题的顺序与行文的顺序是基本一致的，一般每段对应一题。

　　要树立定位意识，每一题、每一选项都要回到原文中某一处定位。

　　第四，重叠选项，得出答案。（重叠原文=对照原文）

　　1. 通过题干返回原文：判断四个选项，抓住选项中的关键词，把选项定位到原文的某处比较，重叠选项，选出答案。

　　2.作题练习要求：要有选一个答案的理由和其余三个不选的理由

　　二.阅读理解的解题技巧

　　1.例证题 ：

　　① 例证题的标记。当题干中出现example, case, illustrate, illustration, exemplify 时。

　　② 返回原文，找出该例证所在的位置，既给该例子定位。

　　③ 搜索该例证周围的区域，90%向上，10%向下，找出该例证支持的观点。例子周围具有概括抽象性的表达通常就是它的论点。

　　注意：举例的目的是为了支持论点或是为了说明主题句。举例后马上问这个例子说明了什么问题？不能用例子中的话来回答这个问题。

　　④ 找出该论点，并与四个选项比较，得出选项中与该论点最一致的答案。

　　⑤ 例证题错误答案设计的干扰特征经常是：就事论事。

　　即用例子中的某一内容拉出来让你去选。（╳）

　　要求：在阅读中，遇到长的例子，立即给这个例子定位，即找出起始点，从哪开始到哪结束。

　　2.指代题 ：

　　① 返回原文，找出出题的指代词。

  　② 向上搜索，找最近的名词、名词性短语或句子（先从最近点开始找，找不到再找次近的，一般答案不会离得太远）。

　　③ 将找到的词、词组或句子的意思代入替换该指代词，看其意思是否通顺。

    ④ 将找到的词、词组或句子与四个选项进行比较，找出最佳答案。

　　3. 词汇题 ：“搜索代入”法

　　① 返回原文，找出该词汇出现的地方。

　　② 确定该词汇的词性  

　　③ 从上下文（词汇的前后几句）中找到与所给词汇具有相同词性的词（如一下子找不到就再往上往下找），代入所给词汇在文章中的位置（将之替换）看语义是否合适

　　④ 找出选项中与代替词意思相同或相近的选相，即答案

　　注意：

　　a.如果该词汇是简单词汇，则其字面意思必然不是正确答案。

　　b.高考阅读不是考察字认识不认识，而是考察是否能根据上下文作出正确的判断。

　　c.词汇题的正确答案经常蕴藏在原文该词汇出现的附近。注意不能靠单词词义直接往下推。

　　d.寻找时要注意同位语、特殊标点（比如分号，分号前后两句话的逻辑关系不是形式上的并列就是语义上的并列，也就是两句话的意思相同，所以可用其中一句话的意思来推测    另一句话的意思从而推出所给词汇含义）、定语从句、前后缀，特别要注意寻找时的同性原则。比如：让猜一个名词词组（动词词组）的意思，我们就向上向下搜索名词词组（动词词组）。

  　隐蔽型词汇题：题干与原文的某句完全重合，只有一两个词被替换掉。隐蔽型词汇题的做法跟词汇题的做法几乎一样，往上往下找。

　　4.句子理解题 ：

  　 ① 返回原文找到原句。

   　② 对原句进行语法和词义的精确分析（找主干），应该重点抓原句的字面含义。若该句的字面含义不能确定，则依据上下文进行判断。注意：局部含义是由整体决定的。

     ③ 一般来说，选项中的正确答案与原句意思完全相同，只不过用其他英语词汇换种表达而已。

     ④ 句子理解题的错误选项干扰项特征：推得过远。做题时应把握住推的度。

     思路： 对句子微观分析? 不行就依据上下文? 选择时不要推得过远。

　　5.推理题 ：“最近原则”

  　① 标志： learn, infer, imply, inform

    ② 看是否可以通过题干返回原文或依据选项返回原文。一般要围绕文中的一两个重点进行推理。推理题无论通过题干能不能定位，我们都要把它固化到文章的一两点上。

    ③ 依据原文的意思进行三错一对的判断。先不要进行推理，若有一个选项跟原文的意思一模一样，则该选项必然是正确答案。推理题不是考察我们的想象力，它实际是考察我们原文中的某几个点如一个、两个点所涉及的问题我们读透了没有。因此，不推的比推的好；推的近的比推的远的要好。

    ④ 推理题的最近答案原则：不推的要比推的好，推的近的要比推的远的好，直接推出的要比间接推的好。(原文的某句话变个说法)

    注意：做题时不能想得太多，推得过远。是否把原文读懂才是关键。

　　6.主旨题 ： “串线摘帽”

　　即在自然段少的时候串串线，串线法解不出来时，大帽子、小帽子摘一下。

  　① 主旨题的标志：mainly about, mainly discuss, the best title

    ② 串线法：抓首段和其余各段的第一句话，把其意思连接成一个整体。要注意总结性的提示词和转折词，特别要注意中心句。（主要针对自然段少的文章；针对自然段多的文章，主旨题最好联系j9九游会网址句。找一个和中心句最贴近的）

    ③ 小心首段陷阱。

    ④ 主旨题错误选项的干扰特征经常是：

     ⑴ 局部信息，即选项的内容小于文章的内容；

     ⑵ 范围过宽，即选项的内容大于文章的内容。

    ⑤逆向思维法、快速作文法：在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有那些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。

　　7. 作者态度题 ：

    ① 标志：attitude

    ② 应精确理解四个选项的含义。

    ③ 不要掺杂自己的观点。

    ④ 可以寻找文中一些具有感情色彩的词。如：fortunately, excessively, too many.

    ⑤ 举例的方式。

    ⑥ 抓论述的主线。把第一段读透，把其他各段的段首段尾句拉出来，看整个文章的谋篇结构。

    ⑦ 做作者态度题时特别注意：首先看清楚是谁对谁的态度。

　　8. 判断题 ：

  　①看可否通过四个选项具体化到文中一点或者根据自然段原则定位。

  　②每个选项都应返回原文，不能凭主观印象进行判断。

  　③要重点抓是“三错一对”还是“三对一错”的关系（做题是要看清题目）。

　　9. 细节题 ：

   　看完题目回到原文，重叠原文，得出答案

　　10.重点题型中的几个问题：

  　① 词汇题：字面意思不是答案，要根据上下文推测其深刻含义

  　② 句子理解题：一般不要求推理，只看句子本身。

  　③ 推理题：答案很大程度上是原文的重现，不一定非要经过逻辑推理从原文中得出。

　　11. 正确答案的特征：

    ① 正确答案经常与中心思想有关。

    ② 正确答案的位置，最常见的三个位置是：段首段尾处、转折处、因果处。

    ③ 正确答案经常运用的原则是：同义替换、正话反说、反话正说。

    ④ 从语气角度来看，正确答案中经常含有不肯定的语气词和委婉表达的用词。如：can, may, might, possible, not necessarily, some.

    ⑤ 正确答案经常具有概括性、深刻性，不能只见树木不见森林。

　　12. 错误答案的特征：

　　第一大层次：

　　① 无中生有 （未提及的概念）；

　　② 正反混淆 （选项的意思跟原文的意思正好相反）；

　　③ 所答非所问 （虽然选项的说法没有问题，符合原文，但和题干搭不上边）

　　第二大层次：

　　① 过分绝对；

　　② 扩大范围（注意隐蔽型的扩大范围mostly）；

　　③ 因果倒置；

　　④ 常识判断；

　　⑤ 推得过远；

　　⑥ 偏离中心；

　　⑦ 变换词性。

　　常识判断：如果一个选项仅仅符合常识，不一定是正确答案，还要看文章中类似的意思有没有出现；如果一个选项不符合常识，一定不是正答案。能够不由自主地按照正确的思路解题了，才表明我们正确掌握了这些技巧。

篇6：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

　　阅读理解是英语考试的重点，得英语阅读者得英语天下，这些都毋庸置疑。小编给大家分享一些关于高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略，希望对大家有所帮助。

　　1、高考英语阅读理解答题方法和技巧

　　1.通读全文，掌握大意。做阅读理解题一定要学会通过从整体上理解短文的大意及中心思想，领会出题人的意图。

　　切忌人为地将短文搞得支离破碎，逐词逐句地去感知材料，看一句或几句做一个题目，这样会影响答题的正确率。但是对于一些长句和难句要作语法分析，以便掌握短文的大意和每个句子的确切含义。

　　2.细审题意，获取信息。在审题时要弄清楚试题问的是细节(如人物、时间、地点);还是主题大意;是事实还是观点;是从正面问还是从反面问。

　　看清试题后，带着问题再回到正文中去寻找有关的句子、段落，获取重要的信息。然后把所获得的信息点与所给的答案逐一进行认真地比较，以便作出正确的判断。

　　3.分层推理，正确答题。有些理解题可以直接从短文中找到答案，有些深层次的理解题在短文中找不到直接的信息点，要经过分析推理，从已有的信息链中判断文章的意思。

　　即应以短文中提供的间接信息点为依据，根据作者的意图，凭借你们自己的社会文化知识和生活经验，加进短文中所没有明确表述的却又与主题有联系的思想和信息，进行合乎逻辑的推理，从而确定正确的选项。

　　2、高考英语阅读理解如何提高成绩

　　1. 调整心态，冥想阅读

　　考生的心理状态和心理状态对阅读理解有很大的影响。如果你的精神状态很好，心情愉快，一看到阅读材料，就可以立即进入角色，深入阅读，以便快速准确地找出答案;反之亦然。

　　2. 文本前的主题，文本与主题的结合

　　在高考中，文章后面的问题和选项反映了考试的要求，因此，考生应先考查阅读理解题，你知道什么是事实或细节，哪一个是论归纳推理问题。

　　3. 根据常识，巧妙的谬误

　　在阅读文章之前，考生应该先阅读文章后面的问题和选项，同时，我们应该所政治学、经济、文化、教育、军事的、历史、地理、物理、化学、生物学知识和一些生活经验和常识来判断选择、推理，排除可能性较小的选项，狭窄的所选择范围，提高答题的准确性，加快问题解决的速度。

　　4. 阅读速度，合理变动

　　在阅读理解过程中，学生必须摆脱两种误解：一是认为快速阅读会影响理解;二是如果你不懂每一个生词，你就不可能听懂全文。

篇7：高考英语阅读理解技巧优化攻略

　　高中英语阅读理解四类题型的提问方式及解题技巧总结。

　　1.细节题型

　　【提问方式】wh-特殊问句； from the text...,according to...,true/not true,划线词语、句子，简单计算、排列事件顺序、识图等。

　　【解题方法】抓住提问中的关键字眼，仔细阅读相关细节的材料内容，一般可以在短文中直接找到或稍加归纳就可以找到正确答案。

　　注意排除下列干扰项：

　　(1)扩缩范围

　　文章为了表达得准确严密，很注意对范围的限定。有的是通过加上相应的词语限制，如涉及到数量时常用many,almost all,nearly,more than,over,only a few,normally等限制.有些干扰项是通过改变或去掉限定词语，甚至是扩大或缩小了语言范围。

　　(2)偷换概念

　　命题者设计试题时往往把原文的概念偷换成另一个不同的概念。望文生义是造成错误的主要原因。

　　(3)正误并存

　　在一干扰项中，某个句子或词语是正确的，其他分句或词语是错误的或表达不全面，正误并存，命题者借此以假乱真。要排除这类干扰项，只要一个选项局部有误或选项不全面，都属排除的干扰项。

　　2.主旨大意题型

　　【提问方式】what' s the topic/subject of the text/the second paragraph？

　　what is stated in...? the text is cheifly concerned with___。

　　【解题方法】

　　(1)最常用的方法是仔细研读短文的1、2两句-----即短文的主题句，或辅以阅读各段的第1、2句----即段落中心句。此方法多适用于说明文、议论文。

　　(2)记叙文等需要通读全文，抓住关键事或论题来归纳意思(常说明一个道理)。

　　(3)全文末尾(段)找答案。此类文章的特点是以列举事实开头，通过论证，最后阐述核心观点。

　　在处理文章标题的选择时，要避免下列三种错误：①概括不够(多表现为部分代整体，从而导致范围太小)；②过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；③以事实或细节代替抽象具体的大意。

　　3.推理判断题型

　　【提问方式】

　　the story suggests that___________. it can be inferred that___________。

　　the story implies that ___________. it can be concluded that ___________。

　　we can learn that___________。

　　【解题方法】推断题是考查学生透过文章表面的文字信息进行分析、综合、归纳等逻辑推理的能力。学生不仅要弄懂文章的字面意思，更重要的是要知道文章的潜在涵义。

　　【注意点】

　　(1)那些文章中直接陈述的内容不能选，要选择根据文章推理出来的选项。

　　(2)推理不是凭空猜测，而是立足已知推断未知；作出正确答案时一定要在文中找到依据或理由。

　　(3)不能以自己的观点代替作者的想法；不要脱离原文主观臆断。

　　4.词义猜测题

　　①利用构词法猜词；

　　②利用语境及逻辑关系猜词。有时完全可以利用上下文语境和前后句之间的并列、因果、转折、对比、解释定义和举例等关系来猜测词义。同时特别留心某些词语，

　　例如：or, that is, in other words, including, although, but, or, even if, on the other hand, on the contrary, other than, rather than, more than, instead of等词语之后的内容。